How was this massive construction achieved? Having a limited number of lifting mechanisms at their disposal, the Egyptians devised a very successful and simple method.  The easiest way of raising the stone column segments was by means of a ramp built up using successive layers of sand.  After very accurately calculating the position of the first layer of column segments, the area was filled with sand up to the top of the segment level, allowing them to move the next layer over the sand onto the first. The stone was moved on wooden rollers with a lot of manpower.  Finally, layers of lintels and flagstones were used to cover the structure.   The temple was then gradually cleared of the sand and as this was done, the finishing touches were put on the stone.  The columns were adorned with bas reliefs, polished with an abrasive paste and painted.