CLASS FIVE (July 19): Prior
Knowledge and Meaning Vocabulary
1) Video and
discussion
Marilyn Jager Adams, narrator. What
Children Need in Order to Read.
- What
ideas did she review that weve talked about in class?
- What
reading strategies did you see, what activities were the children doing to back up certain
skills?
- What
did you learn that you didnt know before?
2)
Lecture on Chap. 5 (CMCM)
-
Harry Potter modeling a
reading lesson that covers the lesson template.
Before: How did the "hook" opening raise interest while at
the same time introduce the main ideas? How were prior knowledge and meaning
vocabulary brought in? In how many different ways? Was
the purpose of the lesson stated clearly? (In the hook, "By the end of this
lesson, everyone will understand Prior Knowledge and Meaning Vocabulary!")
During: Reading HP aloud to
class. Brief asides on vocabulary, not disrupting the flow of the reading.
Modeling fluency, reading with expression. Teacher's enthusiasm for the story.
Small groups discuss CMCM text sections. Groups present ideas to the class.
Each person invited to speak, bring in personal experiences. Class makes
comments. Teacher checks for comprehension of the reading and extends some ideas.
After: Following up on the purpose.
Using the practical example of the Harry Potter mini-lesson, how was Prior
Knowledge activated? Meaning Vocabulary covered? (Were there really bat ears
in the potion? No! Just vinegar, baking soda and blue food coloring!)
Students revisit their knowledge on the topic, decide if this lesson was helpful.
Are they conscious of having made progress in their understanding of the subject?
Do they think they will be able to apply it in the future?
CMCM
Chapter 5 Sub-headings:
1) ACTIVATE
PRIOR KNOWLEDGE WHEN PRESENTING NEW IDEAS:
- Brainstorming
- Questioning
- Predicting
- Writing
- Discussing
-
2) INTRODUCE VOCABULARY IN MEANINGFUL SETTINGS
- Associating
meaning with corresponding printed words
- Relate
words to students worlds; i.e., connection to interests and concerns = relevant
- Teacher
models enthusiasm for new vocabulary
- Engage
in wide reading and listening
- Do
theme studies
-
3) SELECT
VOCABULARY FOR SPECIAL ATTENTION
- The
number of words introduced depends on factors such as grade and age, language and
proficiency
- Allow
students to select words for special attention
- Teacher
selects words based on need is the word unfamiliar to most students? Will they need the word to understand the passage?
- Teach
words: before guided reading, during any
teachable moment, judge whether introducing new words will disrupt the flow of
the lesson
- Display
selected words: topic boards, word books,
journal vocabulary section
4) REPRESENT
WORD MEANINGS IN MULTIPLE WAYS
- Let
students encounter new words in a variety of ways:
- direct
experience,
- media,
- dramatization,
- making
connections,
- categorization
5) DEVELOP
INDEPENDENCE IN VOCABULARY LEARNING
- Using
contexts
- Using
morphemes
- Using
the dictionary
- Let
students teach each other key words
6) PROMOTE
VOCABULARY IN ALL SUBJECTS
- Use
all subjects to promote rich concepts of events, places, people and phenomena
- Preparing
for field trips
- Non-fiction,
videos, DVDs, CD-ROMS, etc.
- Special
displays, theme boards, scavenger hunts
7) THEORY AND
RESEARCH BASE FOR PRIOR KNOWLEDGE ACTIVATION AND VOCABULARY INSTRUCTION
- Prior
knowledge provides a schema, a framework for knowledge
- Can
assimilate knowledge more readily. Adding to
pre-existing ideas.
- Readers
more able to fill in the blanks
- Does
not explain how we make images, or apprehend ideas
- Will
not help students if they are not motivated need curiosity, appreciation and
pleasure
Time for groups planning lessons
- Discussion
about presentations: consider it an opportunity to practice with a
sympathetic audience. The main point is to
share ideas.
****Next class*** Please bring a childrens book that you feel
has an important story or has some special meaning to you. If
you cannot get the book, jot down what you can remember about the story. What was the story about, why did it make an
impression on you? What was the
"message" you got from this book? In this case we are not looking at
reading strategies per se, but the quality of the fiction, what it can teach us about our
lives and what it means to be human. We will be talking about the value of
childrens literature and examining the importance of quality fiction in the
emotional development of children.