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NIH1: GLOBALISATION, THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY AND POLICY INFLUENCE (2001-2005)
This project was funded by the National Institutes of Health, and based at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of London. Its aim was to analyse strategies of the global  tobacco industry to influence tobacco control policies in 14 selected countries, regions and globally. Research was predominantly based on using hard copy tobacco industry documents located at the British American Tobacco (BAT) Depository in Guildford UK that had been made publicly accessible as a result of litigation in the United States.

The key aims of the project were to:
i) retrieve and disseminate BAT documents;

ii) examine transnational activities of BAT in selected countries and regions in relation to
    a) advertising and sponsorship
    b) financial measures including tax levels and smuggling; and
    c) targeting of certain social groups (e.g. ethnic groups, women, young people)iii0

iii) describe/analyze industry efforts to influence the conduct, interpretation & dissemination of scientific research on tobacco & health in selected countries including
    a) funding of research & related activities;
    b) scientific peer review & publication; and
    c) coverage of tobacco research by mass media;

iv) draw conclusions concerning  global and regional dimensions of industry activities, and to make recommendations on how to develop more effective tobacco control strategies and policies;

v) locate, index and distribute tobacco industry documents, relevant to the other aims of this project from the Guildford depository.  

To overcome restrictions to access to the depository collection imposed by BAT, we initiated the Guildford Archiving Project to acquire, digitally scan and post the 6-million page collection of company documents on a publicly available website http://bat.library.ucsf.edu/.

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Publications

 2005   

Journal articles

  1. Lee K (2005). Twenty best resources on globalization. Health Policy and Planning May.
  2. Lee K, Koivusalo M (2005). Trade and health: Is the health community ready for action? PLoS Medicine e8-e11.
  3. Collin J (2005). The Smoking Gun of the Third World. Around the Globe.  Monash University, Victoria.
  4. McKee M, Gilmore A, Schwalbe N (2005). International co-operation and health. Part I: issues and concepts.
    J Epidemiol Community Health     59: 628-31.
  5. McKee M, Gilmore A, Schwalbe N (2005). International co-operation and health. Part II: making a difference.
    J Epidemiol Community Health     59:737-739.
  6. Gilmore A, McKee M (2005). Exploring the impact of foreign direct investment on tobacco consumption in the former Soviet Union. Tobacco Control  14: 13-21.
  7. Gilmore A, McKee M (2005). How the East was won: BAT and Big Tobacco’s conquest of the former Soviet Union. Multinational Monitor May/June: 9-15.
  8. Diethelm P, Rielle JC, McKee M (2005). The whole truth and nothing but the truth?  The research that Philip Morris
    did not want you to see. Lancet 365(9456): 4998-5004
  9. Grüning T, Gilmore A, McKee M (2005). Einfluss der Tabakindustrie auf die deutsche Wissenschaft. Journal of Public Health 13 (Suppl. 1):S20.
  10. Gilmore A, Radu-Loghin C, Zatushevski I, McKee M (2005). Pushing up smoking incidence: plans for a privatised tobacco industry in Moldova. Lancet 2005; 365: 1354-59.

Book and chapters

  1. Lee K, Yach D (2005). Globalization and Health.  In Merson M, Black R, Mills A (eds) International Public Health:  Diseases, Programs, Systems and Policies, 2nd edition.  New York:  Jones & Bartlett.
  2. Lee K, Collin J. (eds) Global Change and Health.  Maidenhead: Milton Keynes:  Open University Press, 2005.
  3. Nolte E, McKee M, Gilmore A (2005). Morbidity and mortality in transition countries of Europe. In: The New Demographic Regime: Population Challenges and Policy Responses. M Macura, AL MacDonald, W Haug (eds). New York and Geneva: United Nations.
  4. Gilmore A, McKee M, Pomerleau J (2005). Tobacco: a public health emergency. In: J Pomerleau J, M McKee (eds). Issues in public health. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
  5. Collin J (2005). The global economy and the tobacco pandemic.  In: K Lee K, J Collin (eds). Global Change and Health.  Maidenhead:  Open University Press; 111-25
  6. Collin J, Gilmore A. Developing Countries. In: Goodman J, Norton M and Parascandola M (eds). Tobacco in History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Farmington Hills, MI: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2005.
  7. Collin J (2005). Foreign Policy Case Studies: Tobacco Control. London: Nuffield Trust.

 2004   
  1. Bozicevic I, Gilmore A, Novotny N  (2004). Tobacco use, a major public health issue in South East Europe. Eurohealth 9:1-4.
  2. Carlyle J, Collin J, Muggli M, Hurt R (2004). British American Tobacco and Formula One. BMJ 329(7457): 104-106.
  3. Collin J (2004). Tobacco Politics. Development, 47(2): 91-96.
  4. Collin J, Gilmore A (2004). Developing Countries. In: J Goodman, M Norton, M Parascandola (eds). Tobacco in History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Farmington Hills, MI: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  5. Collin J, Lee K, Gilmore A (2004). Commentary: Unlocking the corporate documents of British American Tobacco: an invaluable global resource needs radically improved access. Lancet 363(9423): 1746-47.
  6. Gilmore A, McKee M (2004). Moving east: how the transnational tobacco companies gained entry to the emerging markets of the former Soviet Union. Part I: Establishing cigarette imports.Tobacco Control 13: 143-50.
  7. Gilmore A, McKee M (2004). Moving east: how the transnational tobacco companies gained entry to the emerging markets of the former Soviet Union.  Part II: an overview of priorities and tactics used to establish a manufacturing presence. Tobacco Control 13: 151-60.
  8. Gilmore A, McKee M (2004). Tobacco and transition: an overview of industry investments, impact and influence in the former Soviet Union. Tobacco Control 13: 136-42.
  9. Gilmore A, Pomerleau J, McKee M, Rose R, Harper C et al. (2004). Prevalence of smoking in eight countries of the former Soviet Union. Results from the Living Conditions, Lifestyles and Health Study. American Journal of Public Health 94: 2177-84.
  10. Lee K (2004). The pit and the pendulum: Can globalization take health governance forward? Development 47(2): 11-17.
  11. Lee K (2004). Globalisation: what is it and how does it affect health. Medical Journal of Australia, February: 156-58.
  12. Lee K, Gilmore A, Collin J (2004). Breaking and re-entering:  British American Tobacco in China 1979-2000.Tobacco Control 13(Supp II): ii88-ii95.
  13. Lee K, Gilmore A, Collin J (2004). Looking inside the tobacco industry:  Revealing insights from the Guildford Depository. Addiction 99;394-97.
  14. Lee K, Walt G, Haines A (2004). The Challenge to Improve Global Health:  Financing the Millennium Development Goals. JAMA, 291(21):  2636-38.
  15. McKee M, Hogan H, Gilmore A (2004). Why we need to ban smoking in public places now. Journal of Public Health Medicine 26: 325-26.
  16. Pilkington P, Gilmore A (2004). The Living Tomorrow Project: how Philip Morris has used a Belgian tourist attraction to promote ventilation approaches to the control of second hand smoke.Tobacco Control 13: 375-78.
  17. Collin J (2004). Tobacco Politics. Development 47(2):91-9.
  18. Pomerleau J, Gilmore A, McKee M, Rose R, Harper C (2004). Determinants of smoking in eight countries of the former Soviet Union: results from the Living Conditions, Lifestyles and Health Study. Addiction 99: 1577-1585.
  19. McKee M, Hogan H, Gilmore A (2004). Why we need to ban smoking in public places now. J Publ Health Med 26: 325-6.
  20. Gilmore A, Pomerleau J, McKee M. Rose R, Haerpfer C et al (2004). Prevalence of smoking in eight countries of the former Soviet Union. Results from the Living Conditions, Lifestyles and Health Study. Am J Public Health; 94: 2177-84.
  21. Collin J, Muggli M, Carlyle J, Lee K, Hurt R (2004). Commentary: A race to the death: British American Tobacco and the Chinese Grand Prix. The Lancet 364:1107.
  22. Lee K. Through the smokescreen. New Scientist, 18 December.

Books chapters and reports

  1. Collin J, Lee K, Bissell K.  Negotiating the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: The politics of global health governance. In: R. Wilkinson, C Murphy (eds). Global Governance:  A reader. London: Routledge, 2004.
  2. Lee K (2004). Lobbying. In: J Goodman, M Norton, M Parascandola (eds.) Tobacco in History and Culture: An Encyclopedia Farmington Hills, MI: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  3. Gilmore A, McKee M (2004). Tobacco policy in the European Union. In: E Feldman, R Bayer (eds). Unfiltered: Conflicts over Tobacco Policy and Public Health. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
  4. Gilmore A, Österberg E, Heloma A, Zatonski W, Delcheva E, McKee M  (2004). Free trade versus the protection of health:  the examples of alcohol and tobacco. In: L MacLehoseL, M McKee, E Nolte (eds). Health Policy and European Union Enlargement. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
  5. Bozicevic I, Gilmore A, Oreskovic S  (2004). The Tobacco Epidemic in South-East Europe: Consequences and Policy Responses. Health, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper, Economics of Tobacco No. 18.  Washington DC: World Bank.
  6. Nolte E, McKee M, Gilmore A (2004). Morbidity and mortality in transition countries in the European context. Background Paper, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) for the European Population Forum, Geneva, 12-14 January.
 2003   

Journal articles

  1. Erbaydar T, Lawrence S, Dagli E, Hayran O, Ayla F, Collishaw N (2003). Influence of social environment in smoking among adolescents in Turkey. Journal of Adolescent Health.
  2. Gilmore A  (2003). Tobacco companies start price war in Poland to offset price rises. BMJ; 327: 948.
  3. Lee K, (2003). The global trade and public health nexus: The role of the World Health Organization. New Solutions 13(1): 61-65.
  4. Lee K (2003). Globalization and Health, An Introduction (London:  Palgrave Macmillan).
  5. Lee K ed. (2003). Health Impacts of Globalization: Towards Global Governance (London:  Palgrave Macmillan).McKee M, Gilmore A, Novotny T (2003). Editorial:  Smoke Free Hospitals:  an achievable objective bringing benefits for patients and staff. BMJ 326: 941-42.
  6. McKee M, Gilmore A, Novotny T (2003). Withdrawal from cigarettes should not be confused with withdrawal from nicotine. BMJ; 327: 811.
  7. Shapo L, Gilmore A, Coker R, McKee M Shapo E (2003). Prevalence and determinants of smoking in Albania: results from a population-based survey in Tirana City. Public Health 117: 228-36.

Books, chapters and reports

  1. Lee K (2003). Globalization and Health, An Introduction (London:  Palgrave Macmillan).
  2. Lee K ed. (2003). Health Impacts of Globalization: Towards Global Governance (London:  Palgrave Macmillan).
  3. Collin J (2003). Think Global, Smoke Local: Transnational tobacco companies and cognitive globalisation. In: K Lee (ed). Health Impacts of Globalization:  Towards Global Governance. London: Palgrave Macmillan; 61-85.
  4. Collin J, Lee K (2003). Transborder health risks and the UK:  Case studies on population mobility and tobacco control. London: The Nuffield Trust.
  5. Pomerleau J, McKee M, Rose R, Balabanova D, Gilmore A (2003). Living Conditions Lifestyles and Health Work Package. Working Paper no. 10. Comparative Health Report, June.
  6. Lee K., McInnes C (2003). Public health, foreign policy and security: A discussion paper. London: The Nuffield Trust.
 2002    

Journal articles

  1. Bettcher D, Lee K (2002). Glossary: Globalisation and public health. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 56: 8-17.
  2. Collin J, Gilmore A (2002). Editorial: Tobacco control, the European Union and WHO:  two conventions provide opportunities to advance public health. European Journal of Public Health 12: 242-43.
  3. Collin J, Gilmore A (2002). Corporate (anti)social (ir)responsibility: Transnational tobacco companies and the attempted subversion of global health policy. Global Social Policy 2(3): 354-360.
  4. Collin J, Lee K, Bissell K (2002). Global Health Governance?  The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.Third World Quarterly 23(2):265-82.
  5. Gilmore A, Balabanova D (2002). News report:  Russia: the lobbyists art is alive and well. Tobacco Control 11:291.
  6. Gilmore A, Collin J (2002). Editorial: The Worlds first international tobacco treaty: leading nations may thwart this major event. BMJ 325: 846-47.
  7. Gilmore A, McKee M (2002). Tobacco control policy: the European Dimension. Clinical Medicine 2(4): 335-42.
  8. Gilmore A, McKee M, Rose R (2002). Determinants of inequalities in self-perceived health in Ukraine: a neglected former Soviet Republic. Social Science and Medicine 55: 2177-88.
  9. Gilmore A, Nolte E (2002). Germany: tobacco industry makes further inroads.Tobacco Control 11: 291.
  10. Gilmore A, Nolte E, McKee M, Collin J (2002). Letter:  Continuing influence of tobacco industry in Germany. Lancet 360: 1255.
  11. Gilmore A, Zatonski W (2002). Free trade and the protection of health: the implications of EU accession for tobacco consumption in Poland. Eurohealth 8: 31-33.
  12. Lee K, Bradley D, Ahern M, McMichael AJ, Butler C (2002). Letter:  Informed and open debate on globalisation and health is needed. BMJ 324;44.
  13. Lee K, McMichael AJ, Butler C, Ahern M, Bradley D (2002). Global change and health – the good, the bad and the evidence. Global Change and Human Health 3(1): 2-5.
Book chapter
            Collin J (2002). Globalisation, the Tobacco Industry and Policy Influence. In: AK Varma AK (ed). Tobacco Counters
            Health, Vol 2: Proceedings of the 2nd World Assembly on Tobacco Counters Health (Macmillan India Ltd: New Delhi):
            39-50.

 2001   
  1.  Lee K (2001). A dialogue of the deaf?  The health impacts of globalisation. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 55: 619.
  2. Gilmore A (2001). Joint working, reality or rhetoric? Journal of Public Health Medicine 23(1):5-6.
  3. Gilmore A, McKee M, Telishevska M, Rose R (2001). Smoking in Ukraine: epidemiology and determinants. Preventive Medicine, 33:453-61.
  4. Gilmore A, McKee M, Rose R (2001). Smoking in Belarus: evidence from a household survey. European Journal of Epidemiology 17: 245-53.
  5. Gilmore A, McKee M (2001). Tobacco control in the European Union. Report to the European Working Group of the Royal College of Physicians.
  6. Gilmore A, McKee M, Rose R (2001). Determinants of inequalities in self-perceived health in Ukraine. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. Supplement on Societies, Individuals and Populations, Joint Conference of the Society for Social Medicine and the International Epidemiological Association European Group: A2.