Research Page

Welcome to the Research Page for Geoffrey Poitras


Collected here are links to various papers either published or in the process of being published

This webpage is only for published articles and journal papers. Please see the paper archive for papers that have become part of history. Please see book webpages for information about my books. (Passwords available on request where applicable.) Works presented or to be presented and that have been presented at seminars, workshops and conferences appear at the bottom of the list.

Note The papers collected on the page are not all of my published papers. There are only a few papers from pre-1994.
Note Some of the zip files here contain .wpd files. Opening such files in Word or some related product will usually produce errors in the equations. Please load the files with WordPerfect version 8 or higher (a Corel product) if you are having trouble.



Selected and Recent Journal Publications

also includes accepted for publication.
See main webpage for Books





More on the Origin of Financial Economics: Early Contributions to Joint Life Annuity Valuation

This paper has been accepted for publication in the Journal of the History of Economic Thought (2024).


Parametric Testing for Normality Against Bimodal and Unimodal Alternatives Using Higher Moments

This paper has been accepted for publication in Communications in Statistics -- Computation and Simulation (2022).


Cobweb Theory, Market Stability and Price Expectations

This paper has been accepted for publication in Journal of the History of Economic Thought (2022).


Origins of Arbitrage

This paper is published in Financial History Review (2021)


Rhetoric, Epistemology and Climate Change Economics

This paper will be published in Ecological Economics (2021)


The Luddite Trials: Radical Suppression and the Administration of British Justice

This paper will be published in Journal for the Study of Radicalism (2020)


The Societas Publicanorum and Corporate Personality in Roman Private Law
(with Frederick Willeboordse)

The paper has been published in Business History (2019)


Phenomenology and Heterodox Economics

This paper has been published in Review of Social Economy (2019).


Fleecing the Lambs? The Founding and Early Years of the Vancouver Stock Exchange

This paper has been published in BC Studies, the British Columbian Quarterly (2019)


The Pre-History of Econophysics and the History of Economics: Boltzmann versus the Marginalists

This paper has been accepted for publication in Physica A (2018).


Housing Market Bubbles and Mortgage Contract Design: Implications for Households and Mortgage Lenders
(with Giovanna Zanotti).

This paper has been published in Journal of Risk and Financial Management (2018).


The Prescription Opioid Epidemic: An Update

This paper has been accepted for publication in Medicolegal and Bioethics (2018).


Trading of Shares in the Societates Publicanorum ?
(with Manuela Geranio)

This paper has been published in Explorations in Economic History (2016).


Mortgage Contract Design and Systemic Risk Immunization
(with Giovanna Zanotti)

This paper has been published in International Review of Financial Analysis (2016).


Classical Ergodicity and Modern Portfolio Theory
(with John Heaney)

This paper has been accepted for publication in Chinese Journal of Mathematics (2015 forthcoming).


Partial Immunization Bounds and Non-Parallel Term Structure Shifts

This paper has been accepted for publication in Annals of Financial Economics (2013 forthcoming).


OxyContin, Prescription Opioid Abuse and Economic Medicalization

This paper has been accepted for publication in Medicolegal and Bioethics (2012 forthcoming).


Medical Ethics and Economic Medicalization

This paper will be published as a chapter in the forthcoming
Contemporary Issues in Bioethics , Peter Clark (ed.), Intech Publishing (2012)


From the Renaissance Exchanges to Cyberspace: A History of Stock Market Globalziation

This paper will be published as chapter 3 in the
Research Handbook on Stock Market Globalization , Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing (2012)


Richard Price, Miracles and the Origins of Bayesian Decision Theory

This article has been accepted for publication in
the European Journal of the History of Economic Thought (2013 forthcoming).


What Happened May 6, 2010? Anatomy of the Flash Crash

This paper will be published as chapter 11 in the
Research Handbook on Stock Market Globalization , Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Edward Elgar Published (2012).


Influence of Transaction Costs on Foreign Exchange Option Contracts: Intra-Daily Tests
(with Ariful Hoque and Meher Manzur)

This article has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of Banking and Finance (2010).


Pioneers of Financial Economics: Das Adam Smith Irrelevanzproblem?
(with Franck Jovanovic)

This article has been accepted for publication in the History of Economics Review (2010 forthcoming)


Arbitrage: Historical Perspectives

This article has been accepted for publication in the
Encyclopedia of Quantitative Finance (forthcoming 2010)


'How's the Stock Market Doing?' Using Absence of Arbitrage to Measure Stock Market Performance
(with John Heaney)

This paper has been accepted for publication at The Annals of Financial Economics


From Antwerp to Chicago: The History of Exchange Traded Derivative Security Contracts

To be published in the Revue d'Histoire des Sciences Humaines
(Journal for the History of the Social Sciences) (2009 forthcoming)

Business Ethics, Medical Ethics and Economic Medicalization

Published in the International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics (2009)


The Early History of Option Contracts

To appear in Hafner and Zimmermann,
Vincenz Bronzin's Option Pricing Models: Exposition and Appraisal
New York, Springer-Verlag (2009 forthcoming)


Ethical Transparency and Government Regulation of Canada's Medical Research Industry
(with Lindsay Meredith)

This paper has been accepted for publication in the Forum on Public Policy (2008).


European Put-Call Parity and the Early Exercise Premium for American Currency Options
(with Chris Veld and Yuriy Zabolotnyuk)

This paper has been accepted for publication in the Multinational Finance Journal (2008).


Ethical Transparency and Economic Medicalization
(with Lindsay Meredith)

This paper has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Business Ethics (2008).


Immunization Bounds, Time Value and Non-Parallel Yield Curve Shifts

This paper has been accepted for publication in Insurance and Risk Management (2007).


Risk and Futures Markets and Forward Markets

These papers will appear as entries in the
International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2nd ed., New York: Macmillan Reference, (2008).


Accounting Standards for Employee Stock Option Disclosure

This paper will be published in International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics (vol.3, 2007,p.473-87).
An earlier version of this paper appeared in the Ukranian journal Corporate Ownership and Control vol. 5, Aug. (2007).


Put-Call Parity and the Early Exercise Premium for Currency Options
(with Chris Veld and Yurij Zabolotnyuk)

This paper has been accepted for publication in the Review of Futures Markets (2007, forthcoming).


Frederick R. Macaulay, Frank M. Redington and the Emergence of Modern Fixed Income Analysis

This paper will be published as Chapter 4 in Pioneers of Financial Economics , Vol.II,
Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing (2007).


More on the Correct Use of Omnibus Tests for Normality

This paper has been published in Economics Letters (2006)
An earlier version of this paper with a description of the D'Agostino test can be found in the previous version


Life Annuity Valuation: From de Witt and Halley to de Moivre and Simpson

This paper will be published as Chapter 4 in Pioneers of Financial Economics , Vol.I
Geoffrey Poitras (ed.) Edward Elgar Publishing (2006).


Duvillard's "Recherches sur les Rentes" (1787) and the Modified Internal Rate of Return
(with Yuri Biondi and Jeff d'Avignon)

This paper will be published as Chapter 6 in Pioneers of Financial Economics , Vol.I,
Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing (2006).


Isaac Le Maire and the Early Trading in Dutch East India Company Shares
(with J. van Dillen and Asha Majithia)

The paper will be published as Chapter 3 in Pioneers of Financial Economics , Vol.I,
Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing (2006).


"Ex-Dividend Date Pricing of U.S. Closed-End Bond Funds "
(with George Blazenko and Angie Chung)

This paper has been published in International Journal of Finance (2004) vol.16: 2941-2963..


"Executive Stock Option Disclosure: Are Current Accounting Standards Adequate?"

This paper has been published in the Corporate Finance Review (2004) vol.9, no.2: 5-19.


William Lowndes (1652-1724)
and
Walter Boyd (1753?-1837)

Contributions to the Biographical Dictionary of British Economists
Donald Rutherford (ed.), Bristol, UK: Thoemmes Press (2004).


The Philosophy of Investment: A Post Keynesian Perspective

This paper has been published in the Journal of Post Keynesian Economics (2002)


Short Sales Restrictions, Dilution, and Rights Issues on the Stock Exchange of Singapore

This paper has been published in the Pacific Basin Finance Journal (2002)


The Crack Spread: Day Trading Energy Futures Contracts
(with Albert Teoh)

This paper has been published in Derivatives Use, Trading and Regulation (Henry Stewart Publications) (2003)
-- journal of the Futures and Options Association.


The Timing of Asset Sales: Evidence of Earnings Manipulation?
(with Trevor Wilkins and Y.S. Kwan)

This paper has been published in the Journal of Business, Finance and Accounting (2002).


Skewness Preference, Mean Variance and the Demand for Put Options
(with John Heaney)

This paper was published in Managerial and Decision Economics (1999).


Spread Options, Exchange Options and Arithmetic Brownian Motion

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1998).


Robert Torrens and the Evolution of the Real Bills Doctrine

This paper was published in the Journal of the History of Economic Thought (1998).


TED Tandems: Arbitrage Configurations for the US Treasury Bill/Eurodollar Futures Spread

This paper was published in the International Review of Economics and Finance (1998)


Tails, Turtles and Stereos

My article from the Journal of Derivatives , (Winter 1997).
Please note there are a number of typos in this article which need to be corrected. The corrections can be found here


International Accounting Implications of Bond-cum-Warrant Issues
(with Suekha Vaidya and Ameen Tablib)

This paper has been published in the International Journal of Accounting (1995).


Securities Markets, Diffusion State Processes, and Arbitrage-Free Shadow Prices
(with John Heaney)

This paper was published in the Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis (1994)


"Shareholder Wealth Maximization, Business Ethics and Social Responsibility",

This paper was published in the Journal of Business Ethics (1994)


Hedging and Crop Insurance

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1993)


Putting on the Crush: Further Evidence on the Soybean Complex Spread
(with Dominic Rechner)

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1993).


Long Term Covered Interest Parity and the International Swap Market

This paper was published in teh Asia Pacific Journal of Management (1992)


Testing Regression Disturbances for Normality with Stable Alternatives

This paper was published in the Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation (1992).


The When-Issued Market for Government of Canada Treasury Bills

This paper was published in the Canadian Journal of Economics (1991)


Estimation of the Optimal Futures Hedge, Expected Utility and Ordinary Least Squares Regression
(with John Heaney)

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1991)


The Distribution of Gold Futures Spreads

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1990)


Do Changes in Debt Maturity Composition Affect the Term Structure? Some Canadian Evidence

This paper was published in Applied Economics (1989).


"The Market Value of Government of Canada Debt: A Comment on the Valuation of Non-Marketable Debt"

This paper was published in the Canadian Journal of Economics (1989).


Optimal Futures Spread Positions

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1989)


Hedging Canadian Treasury Bill Positions with US Money Market Futures Contracts

This paper was published in the Review of Futures Markets (1988).


Arbitrage Boundaries, Treasury Bills, and Covered Interest Parity

This paper was published in the Journal of International Money and Finance (1988)


Golden Turtle Tracks: In Search of Unexploited Profits in Gold Spreads

This paper was published in the Journal of Futures Markets (1987)



Works Under Submission





Ergodicity: A Econophysics Primer


Under submission at Physica A


Transition Density Decomposition and the Generalized Pearson Distributions

This paper is under submission at



Works Presented or to be Presented





The Rhetoric of Economics Reconsidered

This paper was presented at the History of Economics Society Annual Meetings, Vancouver, BC, June 23-26, 2023.
A copy of the presentations slides can be found HERE

The History of Economics and the Pre-History of Econophysics: Boltzmann versus the Marginalists

This paper was presented at the Allied Social Sciences Association Annual Meetings, Philadelphia, PA, Jan. 5-8, 2018.
A copy of the presentation slides can be found HERE

The Bio-Pharma Industry 2023
The Drug Industry: Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical 2015
The Drug Industry: Pharmaceutical and BioPharmaceuticals 2014

These are the slides for webinars put on by Harvard Medical School as part of the
Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program (GCSRT). The presentations are represenative of numerous webinars that took place Mar. 27, 2014 up to Jan. 23, 2023.


Systemic Risk Immunization and Contract Design in the US and Canadian Mortgage Funding Systems

This paper to be presented at the 2013 Conference on "Banking, Finance,
Money and Institutions: The Post Crisis Era", University of Surrey, UK
The .pptx for the presentation can be found HERE


Ergodicity, Econophysics and Financial Economics

This paper to be presented at the 2012 Annual Meeting of the
Western Economics Association International, San Francisco, CA, July 2, 2012.
The .pptx for the presentation can be found HERE


Ergodicity, Econophysics and the History of Economic Theory

This paper to be presented at the 2012 Annual Meeting of the
History of Economics Society, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ontario, June 24, 2012.
The .pptx for the presentation can be found HERE


Richard Price, Miracles and the Origins of Bayesian Decision Theory

This paper to be presented at the 2011 Annual Meetings of
the History of Economics Society, Notre Dame University, June 20, 2011
The .pptx for the presentation can be found HERE .


Put-Call Parity, Transaction Costs and PHLX Currency Options: Intra-daily Tests
(with Ariful Hoque and Meher Manzur)

This paper to be presented (by Meher Manzur) at the 59th Annual Meeting of
the Midwest Finance Association, Las Vegas, NV, Feb. 26, 2010.


Life Annuity Valuation: from de Witt and Halley to de Moivre and Simpson

This paper was presented at the Ohio State University, Nov. 14, 2008
The .ppt of the presentation is also in the .zip file.


Ethical Transparency and Government Regulation of Canada's Medical Research Industry
(with Lindsay Meredith)

This paper was presented at the 20th Annual Oxford Roundtable, Wednesday, March 26, 2008 at Oxford University, UK.
The .ppt of the presentation can be found HERE .


Pioneers of Financial Economics: Das Neu Adam Smith Problem?
(with Franck Jovanovic)

This is the paper presented at the joint American Finance Association/ History of Economics Society meetings
in New Orleans, Jan. 4, 2008 and Stirling University, Mar. 20, 2008. Click here for a .ppt of the presentation


Accounting Standards for Employee Stock Option Disclosure

This is the .ZIP file with the presentation .ppt and the paper given at the McMaster World Congress on Corporate Governance, 24/1/07.


"'How's the Stock Market Doing?' Using Absence of Arbitrage to Measure Stock Market Performance",

This is the presentation and paper given at the Brock University, Faculty of Business Luncheon Speakers Series 25/1/07
and at the UBC Finance Workshop, 13/12/02.


Put-Call Parity and the Early Exercise Premium for Currency Options
(with Chris Veld and Yuriy Zabolotnyuk)

Paper presented at the 2006 meetings of the Multinational Finance Society, Edinburgh, UK, June 24-27, 2006. Click here for a .ppt of the presentation


Immunization Bounds, Time Value and Non-Parallel Yield Curve Shifts

Paper to be presented at the 2005 meetings of the Southern Finance Association, Key West, FL, Nov.16-19,2005. Click here for a .zip with the .ppt


"Currency Swaps, Fully Hedged Borrowing and Long Term Covered Interest Arbitrage"

Paper to be presented at the 11th Annual Meetings of the Multinational Finance Society, Istanbul, Turkey, July 3-8, 2004.


Executive Stock Option Disclosure: Is FAS 123 Adequate?

Paper presented to the SFU Accounting Workshop 26/3/04 Click here for .ppt of presentation


Absence of Arbitrage, Detrending and Rational Stock Prices

This paper was presented to the Department of Finance and Accounting Research Workshop, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK, 6/02