Complete the sentence with the best term. Please note that if your answer is not spelled correctly, the program will note it as incorrect.
The external ear consists of the _________ and the external auditory canal.
The ______________ selectively filters different frequencies to provide cues about elevation of sound sources because of its convoluted shape.
The resonant frequency of the external auditory canal is approximately _________ kHz.
The ___________________ separates the outer ear from the middle ear.
The _______________________ connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx and facilitates equalization of pressure on opposite sides of the tympanic membrane.
Ear bones, called ______________, create a mechanical advantage that help match the low impedance of air in the middle ear to the high impendence of fluid in the inner ear.
Hair cells in the cochlea are located in the _______________________ the sensory organ responsible for sound transduction.
The base of the stapes sits in the _________________, connecting the middle ear to the inner ear.
The middle ear is connected to the inner ear by the oval window and the _________ window.
The scala vestibuli and the scala tympani are filled with fluid called ____________________.
The scala media is filled with fluid called ____________________.
The scala vestibuli and the scala tympani are connected via the __________________.
The scala media is separated from the scala tympani by the __________________________.
The scala media is separated from the scala vestibuli by __________________________.
Stereocilia of the hair cells of the Organ of Corti are embedded in the _________________ membrane.
Cochlear afferent fibers originate near the ____________ ganglion located in the bony core of the cochlea and terminate at the base of hair cells.
Movement of ________________ in the oval window creates a pressure wave in the fluid of the inner ear.
Sterocilia are connected to each other by "_______________".
Bending of the sterocilia of hair cells open __________ ion channels.
Influx of K+ into the hair cell causes depolarization that open voltage gated ___________ channels.
The _______________ end of the basilar membrane is narrower and stiffer.
The __________________ end of the basilar membrane is wider and more flexible.
The __________________ of the basilar membrane is tuned for low frequencies.
The __________________ of the basilar membrane is tuned for high frequencies.
The frequency tuning of the basilar membrane (how different locations respond best to different frequencies) is called ____________________.
Olivocochlear nerve fibers release the neurotransmitter _________________ onto outer hair cells, causing them to hyperpolarize and reduce their electrical response to sound.
The ______________________ receives biaural inputs and is important for sound localization.
Auditory connections to the cerebral cortex pass through the ___________________________ of the thalamus.
Interaural time differences are computed by neural circuitry in the ________________________ olive.
Interaural intensity differences are computed by neural circuitry in the ________________________ olive.
The lateral superior olive only encodes sounds arising from the _________________ hemifield.
Sound localization for frequencies below 3 kHz depends on calculating interaural ___________ differences.
Sound localization for frequencies above 3 kHz depends on calculating interaural ___________ differences.
The ______________________ of the midbrain likely contains an auditory space map for localizing sound.
The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________________ lobe.