Please note:

To view the Fall 2024 Academic Calendar, go to www.sfu.ca/students/calendar/2024/fall.html.

Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology | Faculty of Science Simon Fraser University Calendar | Spring 2025

Kinesiology Minor

Note that students cannot combine a kinesiology minor with any other major or minor in the areas of biomedical physiology and behavioural neuroscience.

Admission Requirements

Application can be made once four of the required lower division courses have been completed, each with a minimum grade of C-, and the program approval form (available from the undergraduate advisor) has been submitted. Admission is competitive.

The admission grade point average (GPA) is calculated each term on the four required courses. All courses completed towards the program will be included in the application process.

Application Procedure

Students should complete a program approval form available on the Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology website and submit it to the academic advisor by June 1 for fall term approval, October 1 for spring term approval, or February 1 for summer term approval.

http://www.sfu.ca/bpk/undergraduate/current/forms.html

Prerequisite and Required Course Grades

Students enrolling in biomedical physiology and kinesiology courses must have a grade of C- or better in prerequisite courses. Students enrolled in kinesiology certificate, minor, major (including concentrations), honours, second degree, and post baccalaureate diploma programs must have grade of C- or better in all required courses.

Program Requirements

Lower Division Requirements

Students complete

BPK 110 - Human Nutrition: Current Issues (3)

An introduction of the principles of human nutrition with an emphasis on topics of current interest. The material is presented in a Canadian context to focus on nutrition practices and problems in this country. Students will gain an understanding of factors affecting food selection and the role of nutrition in maintaining good health. Students will develop the ability to discriminate between reliable and unreliable information on the subject of food and nutrition. Breadth-Science.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Amandio Vieira
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 10:30–11:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 12:30–1:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 1:30–2:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D105 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D106 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D107 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 4:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
OL01 Sessional
Online
BPK 140 - Contemporary Health Issues (3)

Explores health from a holistic perspective, in which health is viewed as physical, psychological, and social well-being. Considers genetics, environment, personal health behaviors (such as diet, exercise, stress management, and drug use), socioeconomic status, health care delivery systems, and aging with the intent to improve students' abilities to evaluate health information. Breadth-Science.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Andrew Blaber
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 10:30–11:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 11:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 12:30–1:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D105 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D106 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 4:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
OL01 Leanne Ramer
Online
BPK 142 - Introduction to Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology (3)

Survey of theories and laboratory procedures for assessing human health status and physical performance, including biomechanics, body composition, development, environmental physiology, ergonomics, exercise physiology and motor learning. Functional anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, skeletal and skeletal muscle systems in relation to physical activity are explored. Prerequisite: One of Grade 12 Anatomy and Physiology, Biology, Chemistry or Physics with a grade of B or better; or one of BPK 105, BPK 110, BPK 143, BISC 100, BISC 113 or HSCI 100 with a grade of C or better. Breadth-Science.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Ryan Peter Dill
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 3:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D105 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D106 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D107 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D108 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 3:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D109 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D110 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D111 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D112 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 3:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D113 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D114 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 3:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 143 - Exercise: Health and Performance (3)

Introduces the student to exercise physiology. Focuses on personal exercise prescription to improve aerobic capacity, muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility. Also discusses athletic conditioning, e.g. speed and power training. The effects of nutritional and environmental factors on exercise and the role of exercise in weight control and stress management are considered. Prerequisite: Recommended: Medical clearance from a personal physician. BPK major and honours students who have taken BPK 141 must also take BPK 143. For students taking both of these courses, credit will only be given for BPK 143. Breadth-Science.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D101 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 1:30–2:20 p.m.
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 1:30–2:20 p.m.
Burnaby
Burnaby
D102 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
Burnaby
D103 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
Burnaby

and one of

BPK 105 - The Anatomy and Physiology of Human Survival (3)

Discover how detailed cellular and system level physiological functions contribute to the survival of the human organism. Includes a survey of the muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary, digestive, and immune systems. Prerequisite: Recommended: Grade 11 Biology, Chemistry and Physics. BPK major and honours students may not receive credit for BPK 105. BPK 205 or 208 may be used as a substitute for BPK 105 by students in the kinesiology minor program. No student may take both BPK 105 and BPK 208 for credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
OL01 Ryan Peter Dill
Online
BPK 205 - Introduction to Human Physiology (3)

An introductory survey of human physiology with an emphasis on mechanisms of regulation and integration. Anatomy of structures will be detailed only when it is critical to a functional understanding. Although this is intended as a survey course, some topics will be covered in reasonable detail in order to give insight into mechanisms of function. Prerequisite: BISC 101, CHEM 281, PHYS 101 and 102. BPK 208 may not be used as a substitute for BPK 205 by students in the BPK Major and Honours programs. BPK Major and Honours students who have taken BPK 105 must also take BPK 205. For students taking both of these courses, credit will only be given for BPK 205.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Alexandra Coates
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, Wed, Fri, 9:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 8:30–9:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 10:30–11:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 11:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 12:30–1:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D105 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 1:30–2:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 208 - Introduction to Physiological Systems (3)

An introduction to anatomy and physiological function of the major human systems, from a biomedical engineering perspective. Normally only available to students in the Biomedical Engineering Program. Corequisite: CHEM 180. BPK 208 may be used as a substitute for BPK 105 by students in the Kinesiology Minor program. BPK Major and Honours students may not receive credit for BPK 208. No student may take both BPK 105 and BPK 208 for credit, or both BPK 205 and BPK 208 for credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Alexandra Coates
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, Wed, Fri, 9:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 8:30–9:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 10:30–11:20 a.m.
Burnaby

and one of

BPK 201 - Biomechanics (3)

This course will cover the application of basic mechanics to human movement. It will provide students with a basic understanding of how forces act on body segments and how movements are produced. The subject matter of this course is relevant to quantifying all forms of physical activity, from activities of daily living, physically challenged movement patterns, to elite athletic performance. It also has applications in medical settings, including rehabilitation and sports medicine. Prerequisite: MATH 150, 151 or 154, MATH 152 or 155 (may be taken concurrently), PHYS 101 (or 120 or 125 or 140), BPK 142. Quantitative.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Sessional
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, Wed, Fri, 1:30–2:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 4:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 12:30–1:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D105 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 207 - Sensorimotor Control and Learning (3)

Students are introduced to basic concepts in the sensorimotor planning and control of movement. Topics include the factors and disorders affecting movement, sensory and motor physiology, sensorimotor integration, current theories of motor control, and motor learning. Taught from a behavioral and neurophysiological perspective that explores psychological influences on motor control. Prerequisite: BPK 142 or permission of instructor.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Gustavo Balbinot
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 12:30–2:20 p.m.
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 12:30–1:20 p.m.
Burnaby
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 12:30–1:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 1:30–2:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D105 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 8:30–9:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D106 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 9:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
BPK 241 - Sports Injuries - Prevention and Rehabilitation (3)

Includes delineation of the role of the sports therapist and will study the structural and functional characteristics of the body with regard to the prevention of injury in sport. A first aid approach to athletic injuries will be developed with practical experience in routine treatments. Prerequisite: BPK 142.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Kevin Lunnie
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 3:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby

Upper Division Requirements

Students complete

BPK 325 - Basic Human Anatomy (3)

For students interested in physical education, health science professions and liberal arts. Brief discussions on applied anatomy, aging, common dysfunctions and diseases enable students to appreciate the relationship between structure and function. Available only through correspondence, this course will not be counted as an upper level optional course for a major in kinesiology. Prerequisite: BPK 142 and either BPK 105 (with a grade of C or higher) or BPK 205. Students with credit for BPK 326 may not take this course for further credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
B100 Leanne Ramer
TBD
B101 Jan 9, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Jan 23, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Feb 6, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Mar 13, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Mar 27, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
Burnaby
Burnaby
Burnaby
Burnaby
B102 Jan 9, 2025: Thu, 3:30–5:20 p.m.
Jan 23, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Feb 6, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Mar 13, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Mar 27, 2025: Thu, 1:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
Burnaby
Burnaby
Burnaby
Burnaby
BPK 342 - Active Health (3)

An extension of BPK 143, Exercise Management, this course parallels the on-campus course BPK 343. This course is designed for students completing the health and fitness certificate and/or a kinesiology minor. The goal of the course is to provide students with an opportunity to appreciate principles of exercise leadership, assess individual fitness needs, design programs and monitor effects of prescribed exercise. This course is available only through distance education. Prerequisite: BPK 105 (or 205), 142 and 143. Biomedical Physiology, Behavioural Neuroscience and Kinesiology majors and honours students may not receive credit for BPK 342. Students with credit for BPK 343 may not take this course for further credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
OL01 Carmen Bott
Online

and three of (note that some classes may require additional prerequisites)

BPK 303 - Assessment of Movement and Function (3)

Clinical orthopedic assessment involves measurements of the human body to determine its capability for function and movement. The theoretical background, practical application and assessment for topics including anthropometrics, posture, balance, range of motion, strength, motor and sensory function, coordination and balance, and walking and running gait will be investigated. Prerequisite: BPK 201, BPK 241 and STAT 201 or an equivalent statistics course.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Yuen-Fung Ng
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 8:30–10:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 12:30–2:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 2:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 304W - Inquiry and Measurement in Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology (3)

Covers research design, measurement, data analysis, and hypothesis testing, as well as techniques for data acquisition, signal processing, and modeling relevant to research in Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology. There is also a focus on scientific writing, with opportunities for feedback and revision. Prerequisite: BPK 142, STAT 201 and two of BPK 201, 205 and 207. Students with credit for BPK 304 may not repeat this course for further credit. Writing/Quantitative.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Sabrina Lee
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 2:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 5:30–6:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 6:30–7:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D103 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D104 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Fri, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 310 - Exercise/Work Physiology (3)

The study of human physiological responses and adaptations to acute and chronic exercise/work. Cardiorespiratory, cellular and metabolic adaptations will be studied and discussed in detail. Prerequisite: BPK 205, MBB 201 (or 231). Recommended: BPK 201.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
E100 Ryan Peter Dill
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 4:30–7:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 311 - Applied Human Nutrition (3)

The principles of nutritional biochemistry are applied to nutrition in life cycle - pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, adolescence and aging. The second part of the course deals with common disease conditions where nutrition plays an important role in prevention or treatment or both. The course is presented in the Canadian context featuring sources of help on Canadian practice, standards and regulations. Prerequisite: BPK 105 or 205, and 110. Students with credit for BPK 220 may not take this course for further credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Amandio Vieira
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Tue, 10:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
D101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 10:30–11:20 a.m.
Burnaby
D102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 11:30 a.m.–12:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 312 - Nutrition for Fitness and Sport (3)

This course examines the theory and application of nutrition for fitness and sport. Students will study issues around dietary practices commonly promoted for performance enhancement, including mechanisms, effectiveness, risks and regulations. Students will learn skills for critical evaluation of nutrition research and nutrition claims, and will employ these in several small group projects investigating specific nutrition issues and products. Prerequisite: BPK 105 (or 205), and 110. Students with credit for BPK 424 may not take this course for further credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
E100 Matthew White
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 4:30–7:20 p.m.
Burnaby
E101 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 2:30–3:20 p.m.
Burnaby
E102 Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Wed, 3:30–4:20 p.m.
Burnaby
BPK 340 - Active Health: Behavior and Promotion (3)

Relationships among health, physical activity, and other health-associated behaviors are examined. In addition, the theories and models of health behavior, in the context of intervention and promotion strategies, are discussed. Pertinent background information is provided, concerning the influence of fitness on various disease states, as well as the epidemiology of health and exercise behaviors. Prerequisite: BPK 142, STAT 201 (or PSYC 201). Recommended: BPK 140.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Diana Bedoya
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Thu, 8:30–11:20 a.m.
Burnaby
BPK 375 - Human Growth and Development (3)

The fundamentals of physiological growth and development from conception to maturity. Topics included form a strong foundation for those interested in designing appropriate activity programs for children of all ages. Prerequisite: BPK 105 or 205, and 142.

BPK 420 - Selected Topics in Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology I (3)

Selected topics in areas not currently offered as formal courses within the undergraduate course offerings in the Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology. The topics in this course will vary from term to term, depending on faculty availability and student interest. Prerequisite: To be announced in the Undergraduate Schedule of Classes and Examinations found at go.sfu.ca.

BPK 421 - Selected Topics in Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology II (3)

Selected topics in areas not currently offered as formal courses within the undergraduate course offerings in the Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology. The topics in this course will vary from term to term, depending on faculty availability and student interest. Prerequisite: To be announced in the Undergraduate Schedule of Classes and Examinations found at go.sfu.ca.

BPK 422 - Selected Topics in Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology III (3)

Selected topics in areas not currently offered as formal courses within the undergraduate course offerings in the Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology. The topics in this course will vary from term to term, depending on faculty availability and student interest. Prerequisite: To be announced in the Undergraduate Schedule of Classes and Examinations found at go.sfu.ca.

BPK 423 - Selected Topics in Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology IV (3)

Selected topics in areas not currently offered as formal courses within the undergraduate course offerings in the Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology. The topics in this course will vary from term to term, depending on faculty availability and student interest. Prerequisite: To be announced in the Undergraduate Schedule of Classes and Examinations found at go.sfu.ca.

GERO 407 - Nutrition and Aging (3)

This course examines specific nutritional conditions and concerns of the aging population. It does so by exploring the nutrient needs of the elderly as determined by physiological changes of aging, metabolic effects of common diseases, and biochemical interactions of medications. The course includes a broad investigation of the psychological, sociological, and physical factors which influence food choice and ultimately nutritional status in aging. Prerequisite: 60 units. Recommended: GERO 300 or BPK 110.

HSCI 312 - Health Promotion: Individuals and Communities (3)

Theoretical frameworks and their applications in health promotion and disease prevention. The development, implementation, and evaluation of programs aimed at individuals and communities in Canada and globally. Prerequisite: 60 units, including either HSCI 130 or BPK 140, with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for HSCI 401 prior to Fall 2010 may not take this course for further credit.

Section Instructor Day/Time Location
D100 Kate Tairyan
Jan 6 – Apr 9, 2025: Mon, 2:30–5:20 p.m.
Burnaby

There is a maximum number of allowable transferable units that count toward the minor program from any other institution, including the Open Learning Agency.

The graduation GPA of 2.0 must be obtained both on the overall course work (CGPA) as well as on the upper division subset of that work (UDGPA).

In addition, the program GPA of 2.0 must be obtained on the overall course work (CGPA) as well as on the upper division subset of that work (UDGPA) in the program area.

Writing, Quantitative, and Breadth Requirements

Students admitted to Simon Fraser University beginning in the fall 2006 term must meet writing, quantitative and breadth requirements as part of any degree program they may undertake. See Writing, Quantitative, and Breadth Requirements for university-wide information.

WQB Graduation Requirements

A grade of C- or better is required to earn W, Q or B credit

Requirement

Units

Notes
W - Writing

6

Must include at least one upper division course, taken at Simon Fraser University within the student's major subject; two courses (minimum three units each)

Q - Quantitative

6

Q courses may be lower or upper division; two courses (total six units or more)
B - Breadth

18

Designated Breadth

Must be outside the student's major subject, and may be lower or upper division:

Two courses (total six units or more) Social Sciences: B-Soc
Two courses (total six units or more) Humanities: B-Hum
Two courses (total six units or more) Sciences: B-Sci

6

Additional Breadth

Two courses (total six units or more) outside the student's major subject (may or may not be B-designated courses, and will likely help fulfil individual degree program requirements).

Students choosing to complete a joint major, joint honours, double major, two extended minors, an extended minor and a minor, or two minors may satisfy the breadth requirements (designated or not designated) with courses completed in either one or both program areas.