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Automatic variables that are created by specific statements are documented with those statements. For examples, see the BY statement, the MODIFY statement, and the WINDOW statement in SAS Language Reference: Dictionary.
Two automatic variables are created by every DATA step: _N_ and _ERROR_.
For example, either of the two following statements writes to the SAS log, during each iteration of the DATA step, the contents of an input record in which an input error is encountered:
if _error_=1 then put _infile_; if _error_ then put _infile_;
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