In order to find out which specific vegetations are suitable for specific areas, there are many elements that should be considered. First of all, elevation of Africa clearly shows different altitude that largely influences the ranges of vegetation's growth. On average, the range of the elevation of the whole continent is between the sea level to 1800 meters. Because of average elevation, types of vegetation are quite large without consideration of other factors. Therefore, elevation of Africa does not act an important role among other factors to distribution of different kinds of vegetation.

Soil texture controls the amounts of moisture and nutrition in soils, so it is a necessary and important element to consider the kinds of vegetation. Three main soil texture are sand, silt, and cley. Sandy soils are coarse particles that are smaller than 2mm but larger than 0.05mm, whereas silt is composed of medium particles that are smaller than 0.05mm but larger than 0.002. The final one, cley, is composed of fine particles smaller than 0.002mm. Other properties of these soils are discussed with other elements shown as the following.

Buffer zones were produced with each soil texture image in order to show transitional zones for each soil texture because boundaries of them are not separately distinct, so plants in these transitional zones between two soil textures can be suitable for both soil textures. Coarse soil texture spreads largely in African continent. Almost all the northern Africa including the Sahara desert and southern Africa contains this type of soil texture. Medium soil texture mainly distributes in the eastern Africa such as the countries of Somalia and Kenya, and along African coastline, while just some of it distributes in the northern and southern Sahara Desert such as the countries of Mali, Algeria, and Libya. The central eastern Africa mainly contains fine soil texture while some spots in south-eastern Africa and northern Africa such as countries of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, consist this type of soil texture. There are some areas that intercept the three soil textures. It means that without consideration of other elements, these areas are suitable for plants that can grow on these three soil textures. These areas are mainly the south-eastern part such as countries of Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Tanzania, and the central part such as countries of Central African Republic, Cameroon, Chad, and Gabon (click to see the image here).

After recognizing the basic knowledge of different soil texture's distribution in Africa, water is vital for all living things. For plants, absorbed water comes from precipitation. However, even with high precipitation water may still be lacked because soil texture control water's amount in soils. These two factors should be examined together. Firstly, annual average precipitation was examined with these three different soil textures. The distribution of precipitation in the areas with coarse soil texture shows that the north of Africa and the west coast of south Africa mainly consisted coarse soil receives very little precipitation annually even no precipitation, while the central Africa averagely receives 1600mm precipitation annually (click here to see the image). In the image of annual average precipitation in the areas with fine soil texture, almost all areas except areas in the north Africa with this soil texture averagely receive 800mm to 2000mm annual precipitation. In the distribution of medium soil texture, annual precitation sits between that in coarse and fine soil texture (click here to see the image).

Knowing the distribution of precipitation cannot complete the whole story of what vegetation needed less or more water to absorb can grow without realizing water-holding capacity of soils. Surface water was used to analyze their capacities. The areas with comparably high annual average percipitation was not analyzed because high precipitation cannot clearly show the water-holding capacity. When being compared the images of coarse soil texture , annual average precipitation , and surface water in this soil, the distance from surface water is far away generally. It proves that coarse soil texture contains little moisture except the areas with comparably high annual average precipitation; hence, its water-holding capacity is very low. Furthermore, nutrition in this soil is less as most nutribution are dissolved in water. Because most areas that are consisted of fine soil texture receive comparably high precipitation, few areas with this soil texture have distance from surface water; moreover, their average distance from surface water is very short, so it refers to that fine soil texture holds more moisture relatively to coarse soil texture and thus nutrition-holding capacity is very high. The image of distance from surface water in the distribution of medium soil texture shows the moderate distance; hence, it refers to fine soil texture's medium water-holding capacity and medium nutrition-holding capacity. As the conclusion for water absorption of plants without consideration of other elements, obviously fine soil texture is suitable for vegetation absorbed more water, medium soil texture is for vegetation that requires medium water, and vegetation absorbed less water is suitable to grow in coarse soil texture.

A highly directed element associated with annual precipitation is evapo-transpiration, which is defined as the total return of water from the land to the atmosphere and is combined the words, evaporation, from the soil surface, and, transpiration, from plants. If the air is dry, relatively the evapo-transpiration is high, while the reverse is true. The data of potential evapo-transpiration (PET) defined as the highest amount of water that could be evaporated or transpired from plants from a given areas if the plants had unlimited water supply was analyzed. Obviously, from the image of it, the distance from high PET is 0 in the northern Africa. It refers to that 0 is represented the location of high PET. When being compared with the images of coarse soil texture's distribution and PET's distance, most areas locate in high PET. Although the central Africa is comparably low PET, coarse soil has a poor water-holding capacity; thus, it would loss much moisture. However, the situation is reversed in fine soil, some of which locate in high PET but which water-holding capacity is high; hence, it would not loss too much moisture. Instead, it holds moisture for plants. Medium soil is averaged between coarse and fine in terms of PET.

For the factor of annual average temperature, the three images of it in coarse, medium, and fine soil texture tell the truth that the annual average temperature is not fluctuated throughout the whole continent and ranges from 15 to 23 degrees celcius. Because of extended distribution of coarse soil texture, especially in the Sahara Desert, many areas were measured comparably higher annual average temperature. Conversely, many areas with fine soil texture were measured comparably lower annual average temperature as many of them locate in the eastern, central coastal Africa. Therefore, temperature cannot show a direct relationship with those different types of soil texture as it is quite uniform across the Africa.

Water erosion and wind effects can act as large forces to carry nutrition and soil particles away. They influence the types of vegetation in lands. Different soil texture possesses different property to face water erosion and wind effects. Comparison of severity of water erosion and all three images of coarse, medium and fine soils provides that in medium and fine soils severity of water erosion is high, but in coarse soil, it is averagely moderate. The severity of wind effects is relatively low in the central Africa while it is very high in the norhtern and southern Africa. The central Africa is consisted of the three types of soil textures. The amount of coarse soil is slightly more, and the amounts of medium and fine are almost same.