The Quest for Data
To perform the analysis
I wanted to do, I only required three layers of information for a particular
watershed: a digital elevation model, a soil composition layer and a layer
with landuse data. However, it was difficult finding all three of
these layers for any single area with the resolution I needed. I
spent many hours searching through many data websites, especially the U.S.G.S,
State of Washington, State of Oregon and State of Montana sites.
A good DEM was the most critical layer and also proved to be the most problematic
in finding. Most of the DEMs had resolutions that were too coarse
for this project. They would have been useful if I were modelling
a substantially larger watershed, but I needed a higher resolution DEM
so I could model a smaller watershed. The Rational Method of calculating
watershed discharge (see Methodology) is best suited to smaller watersheds.
Of the higher resolution DEMs that I found at research sites, most of them
had errors that impeded translation. Others simply did not cover
an area condusive to the analysis I wished to conduct - usually this was
because the data layer did not cover a full watershed of any decent size.
Foundation Data Layers
DEM
Eventually, I went
back to examining the DEMs available on the SIS server. I settled
upon using the MCEelev.rst DEM from our lab exercises. This appeared
to be the best choice for two reasons. Firstly, it has the highest
resolution at 20m/cell, compared with 30-120m/cell for the other DEMs.
Secondly, it contained four watersheds that were composed of more than
20000 cells, three of which consisted of more than 50000 cells. This
is much greater than the other DEMs that had similar cell sizes.
Landuse
The MCELanduse.rst
layer was used as a starting point from which to build a landuse layer
suitable for this analysis.
Soils
There was no soil
layer covering the same region as the other two layers. Since the
goal of the project was only to model a hypothetical watershed, I created
my own soil class attribute layer. To do this, I imported the MCElanduse.rst
file into ARCView and used it as a reference layer over which to create
my own new layer of soil zones. I created a layer with 37 hypothietical
soil polygons.