Operationalizing

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Contents

  1. Title page
  2. Conceptual and Operational definitions
  3. Connecting abstract concepts to concrete reality
  4. Essential qualities and measurement
  5. Operational Definitions associate variables with constructs
  6. The difficulty of choosing indicators for constructs
  7. You are ready to begin taking measurements
  8. Four kinds of measurement
  9. Why it is important to know which one to use
  10. Sorting things into categories
  11. Category names, numbers, and no arithmetic
  12. Arranging things in increasing or decreasing order (ranking)
  13. Ranking, numbers, and no arithmetic
  14. Counting things, numbers, arithmetic, and the meaning of zero
  15. Measuring amounts & distances, arithmetic, and the meaning of zero
  16. Scaling and mapping
  17. Numerals are not numbers
  18. Ordinals are not numbers
  19. Numbers and arithmetic
  20. Variables may be discrete or continuous
  21. The meaning of discrete and continuous
  22. Four Levels of Scaling
  23. Nominal Scaling
  24. An example of nominal scaling
  25. Ordinal Scaling
  26. An example of ordinal scaling
  27. Interval Scaling
  28. Ratio Scaling
  29. An example of ratio scaling
  30. Comparing two Nominal values
  31. Comparing two Ordinal values
  32. Comparing two Interval values
  33. Comparing two Ratio values
  34. A table that summarizes and compares all four levels of scaling
  35. The end

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This presentation is about Operationalizing (Chapter 3).

Last updated:
May 16, 2006

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(c) Copyright 2006 William D. Richards