David B. Lank

University Research Associate and Adjunct Professor,
Centre for Wildlife Ecology
Behavioral Ecology Research Group

Department of Biological Sciences

Simon Fraser University

Burnaby, British Columbia

Canada V5A 1S6

dlank@sfu.ca

FAX: (778) 782-3496

Research Interests

Specific interests include (1) alternative breeding strategies, including a genetic dimorphism in the mating behavior of male Ruffs, a lekking sandpiper, (2) year-round population biology of shorebirds, including breeding, migration, and non-breeding systems (Western Sandpiper, Dunlin, Red-necked phalarope, Temminck's stint), with with basic biological and conservation applications, and (3) conservation biology of Marbled Murrelets and the Tuamotu Sandpiper in French Polynesia.

Current Projects

• Ruff Project: maintanance of polymorphism in male mating and life history strategies
• Sandpiper Population Biology
• Conservation Biology of Marbled Murrelets
• Conservation Biology of Tuamotu Sandpipers

Click here for Current CV

Selected Publications by Topic

Maintenance of Polymorphisms in Ruffs:

Mode of Inheritance and Genomics:

Küpper, C., M. Stocks, J. E. Risse, N. dos Remedios, L.L. Farrell, S.B. McRae, T.C. Morgan, N. Karlionova, P. Pinchuk, Y.I. Verkuil, A.S. Kitaysky, J.C. Wingfield, T. Piersma, K. Zeng, J. Slate, M. Blaxter, D.B. Lank and T. Burke. 2015. A supergene determines highly divergent male reproductive morphs in the ruff. Nature Genetics. See: doi:10.1038/ng.3443 .

Lank, D.B., L.L. Farrell, T. Burke, T. Piersma and S.B. McRae. 2013. A dominant allele controls development into female mimic male and diminutive female ruffs. Biol. Lett. 9: 20130653. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2013.0653

Farrell, L.L., T. Burke, J. Slate, S.B. McRae and D.B. Lank. 2013. Mapping the female mimic morph locus on the microsatellite linkage map of the ruff. BMC Genetics 14:109. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-14-109 324

Farrell, L.L., T. Burke, J. Slate and D.B. Lank. 2013. A first-generation microsatellite linkage map of the ruff. Ecol. Evol. 3: 4631–4640. doi:10.1002/ece3.830

Ekblom, R., L.L. Farrell, D.B. Lank and T. Burke. 2012. Gene expression divergence and nucleotide differentiation between males of different colour morphs and mating strategies in the ruff. Ecol Evol 2: 2485–2505. doi: 10.1002/ece3.370.

Farrell, L.L., D.A. Dawson, G.J. Horsburgh, T. Burke and D.B. Lank. 2012. Isolation, characterization and predicted genome locations of ruff (Philomachus pugnax, AVES) microsatellite loci. Cons. Gen. Res. 4: 763–771. doi: 10.1007/s12686-012-9639-0

Lank, D.B., Coupe, M. and Wynne-Edwards, K.E.. 1999.Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs (Philomachus pugnax): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation. Proc. Roy. Soc. B, Lond. 266:2323-2330.

Lank, D.B., C.M. Smith, O. Hanotte, T.A. Burke, and F. Cooke. 1995. Genetic polymorphism for alternative mating strategies in lekking male ruff, Philomachus pugnax. Nature, 378, 59-62. [[pdf, 1.4mb]]

Mating System and Mate Choice:

Verkuil, Y.I., J. C. Juillet, J. C.E.W. Hooijmeijer, D.B. Lank and T. Piersma. 2014. Genetic variation in nuclear and mitochondrial markers supports a large sex difference in life-time reproductive skew in a lekking species. Ecol. Evol. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1188.

Jaatinen K., A. Lehikoinen and D.B. Lank. 2010. Female-biased sex ratios and the proportion of cryptic male morphs of migrant juvenile ruffs (Philomachus pugnax) in Finland.Ornis Fennica 87:125–134.

Lank, D.B., C.M. Smith, O. Hanotte, A. Ohtonen, S. Bailey and T. Burke. 2001. High frequency of polyandry in a lek mating system. Behavioral Ecology 13:209-215.

Hugie, D.M. and Lank, D.B. 1996. The resident's dilemma: a female choice model for the evolution of alternative mating strategies in lekking male ruffs (Philomachus pugnax). Behav. Ecol. 8:218-225. [[pdf, 3.5 mb]]

Lank, D.B. and C.M. Smith. 1992. Females prefer larger leks: an experimental study with ruffs Philomachus pugnax. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30:323-329.

LankD.B. and C.M. Smith 1987. Conditional lekking in ruff (Philomachus pugnax). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 20:137–145..

Plumage polymorphism:

Lank, D.B. 2002. Diverse processes maintain plumage polymorphisms in birds. J. Avian Biol. 33:327-330.

Lank, D.B. and Dale, J. 2001. Visual signals for individual identification: the silent "song" of Ruffs. Auk 118:759-765.

Dale, J., D.B. Lank and H.K. Reeve. 2001. Signaling individuality vs. quality: a model and case studies with ruffs, queleas and house finches. Am. Nat. 158:75-86

Immunology and Life History:

Lozano, G.A. D.B. Lank and B. Addison. 2013. Immune and oxidative stress trade-offs in four classes of ruffs (Philomachus pugnax) with different reproductive strategies. Can. J. Zool. 91:212–218.

Nebel, S. D.M. Buehler, S. Kubli, D.B. Lank and C.C. Guglielmo. 2013. Does innate immune function decline with age in captive ruffs Philomachus pugnax? Anim. Biol. 63: 233-240.

Lozano, G.A. and D.B. Lank. 2004. Immunocompetence and testosterone-dependent condition traits in male ruffs (Philomachus pugnax). Anim. Biol. 54.315–329.

Lozano, G.A. and D.B. Lank. 2003. Seasonal trade-offs in cell-mediated immunosenescence in ruffs (Philomachus pugnax). Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B. 270:1203-1208.

Shorebird Life Histories

Lank, D.B., C. Xu, B. Harrington, R.I.G. Morrison, C.L. Gratto-Trevor, P.W. Hicklin, B.K. Sandercock, P.A. Smith, E. Kwon, J. Rausch, L.D. Pirie Dominix, D.J. Hamilton, J. Paquet, S.E. Bliss, S. Neima, C. Friis, S.A. Flemming, A.M. Anderson and R.C. Ydenberg. 2017. Multi-decade continent-wide increase and decrease in wing length, but not bill length, of a long-distance migratory shorebird. Ecology and Evolution 7:3243-3256. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2898.

Xu, C., J. Barrett, D.B. Lank and R.C. Ydenberg. 2015. Large and irregular population fluctuations in migratory Pacific (Calidris alpina pacifica) and Atlantic (C. a. hudsonica) dunlins are driven by density-dependence and climatic factors. Population Ecology. doi: 10.1007/s10144-015-0502-5.

Lank, D.B. and Nebel S. 2006. Cross-cutting research on a flyway scale – beyond monitoring. In: Waterbirds Around the World. G.C. Boere, C.A. Galbraith and D.A. Stroud, eds. pp. 107–112. TSO Scotland Ltd., Edinburgh, UK..

O'Hara, P.D., G. Fernández, F. Becerril, H. de la Cueva and D.B. Lank. 2005. Life history varies with migratory distance in Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri). J. Avian Biol. 36:191-202.

Fernández, G.,O'Hara, P.D. and D.B. Lank. 2004. Tropical and subtropical Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) differ in life history strategies. Ornitol. Neotrop. 15 (suppl.) 385-394.

Franks S.E., D.B. Lank, D.R. Norris, B.K. Sandercock, C.M. Taylor and T.K. Kyser. 2009. Feather isotope analysis discriminates age-classes of Western, Least, and Semipalmated Sandpipers when plumage methods are unreliable. J. Field Ornithol. 80:51-63.

Shorebird Breeding Biology

English W.B., E. Kwon, B.K. Sandercock, D.B. Lank. 2017. Effects of predator exclosures on reproductive success in Red-necked Phalaropes. Wader Study (in press).

English, W.B., D. Schamel, D.M. Tracy, D.F. Westneat and D.B. Lank. Sex ratio varies with egg investment in the red-necked phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 68: 1939–1949. doi: 10.1007/s00265-014-1800-1.

Thomson, R.L., V.-M. Pakanen, D. Tracy, L. Kvist, D.B. Lank, A. Rönkä and K. Koivula. 2014. Providing parental care entails variable mating opportunity costs for male Temminck’s stints. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 68:1261-1272. doi: 10.1007/s00265-014-1737-4.

Lank, D.B., L.W. Oring and S.J. Maxson. 1985. Mate and nutrient limitation of egg-laying in a polyandrous shorebird. Ecology 66:1513-1524.

Shorebird Migration Strategies and Predation Risk: Brown, S., C. Gratto-Trevor, R. Porter, E.L. Weiser, D. Mizrahi, M. Boldenow, R. Bentzen, R. Clay, M.-A. Giroux, E.Kwon, D.B. Lank, N. Lecomte, J. Liebezeit, V. Loverti, J. Rausch, B.K. Sandercock, S. Schulte, P. Smith, A. Taylor, B. Winn, S. Yezerinac, and R.B. Lanctot. 2017. Migratory connectivity of Semipalmated Sandpipers and implications for conservation. Condor 119:207-224. doi: 10.1650/CONDOR-16-55.1

Ydenberg R.C., Barrett J. Lank, D.B., Xu, C., Faber M. 2017. The redistribution of non-breeding dunlins in response to the post-DDT recovery of falcons. Oecologia 183: 1101-1110. doi: 10.1007/s00442-017-3835-2

Tavera, E.A., D.B. Lank and P.M. González. 2016. Effects of migration distance on life history strategies of Western and Semipalmated Sandpipers in Perú. Journal of Field Ornithology 87: 293–308. doi: 10.1111/jofo.12164

Jamieson, S.E., R.C. Ydenberg and D.B. Lank. 2014. Does predation danger on southward migration curtail parental investment by female western sandpipers? Anim. Migr. 2:34–43. doi: 10.2478/ami-2014-0004.

Hope, D.D., D.B. Lank and R.C. Ydenberg. 2014. Mortality-minimizing sandpipers vary stopover behaviour dependent on age and geographic proximity of migrating predators. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 68:827-838.

Franks, S.E. D.R. Norris, T.K. Kyser, G. Fernández, B. Schwarz, R. Carmona, M.A. Colwell, J. Correa Sandoval, A. Dondua, H.R. Gates, B. Haase, D.J. Hodkinson, A. Jiménez, R.B. Lanctot, B. Ortego, B.K. Sandercock, F. Sanders J.Y. Takekawa, N. Warnock, R.C. Ydenberg and D.B. Lank. 2012. Range-wide patterns of migratory connectivity in the western sandpiper Calidris mauri. J. Avian Biol. 155–167.

Taylor, C.M., D.B. Lank, A.C. Pomeroy and R.C. Ydenberg. 2008. Relationship between stopover site choice of migrating sandpipers, their population status, and environmental stressors. Isr. J. Ecol. Evol. 53:245–261.

Ydenberg, R.C., R.W. Butler, D.B. Lank, B.D. Smith and J. Ireland. 2004. Western sandpipers alter migration tactics to mitigate danger from recovering peregrine falcon populations. Proc. Roy. Soc. B, Lond. 271:1263-1269.

Lank, D.B., R.W. Butler, J. Ireland and R.C. Ydenberg. 2003. Effects of predation danger on migration strategies of sandpipers. Oikos 103:303-319.

Lank, D.B. and R.C. Ydenberg. 2003. Death and danger at stopover sites: problems with "predation risk". J. Avian Biol 34:225-228.

Ydenberg, R.C., R.W. Butler, D.B. Lank, C.G. Guglielmo and M. Lemon. 2002. Trade-offs, condition dependence, and stopover site selection by migrating sandpipers. J. Avian Biol. 33:47-55.

Lank, D.B. 1989. Why fly by night? Inferences from tidally induced migratory departures of sandpipers. J. Field Ornithol. 60:154-161.

Lank, D.B. 1983. Migratory behaviour of semipalmated sandpipers at inland and coastal staging areas. Ph.D thesis, Cornell University.

Shorebird non-breeding biology

Franks S.E., G. Fernández, D.J. Hodkinson, T.K. Kyser and D.B. Lank. 2013. The long and the short of it: no dietary specialisation between male and female western sandpipers despite strong bill size dimorphism. PLoSOne doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079835

Hobson, K.A., G.L Slater, D.B. Lank, R.L.Milner and R. Gardiner. 2013. Agricultural lands subsidize winter diet of Pacific dunlin Calidris alpina pacifica at two major estuaries. Condor 115:515–524.

Ydenberg, R.C., D. Dekker, G. Kaiser, P.C.F. Shepherd, L.J. Evans Ogden, K Rickards and D.B. Lank. 2010. Winter body mass and over-ocean flocking as components of danger management by Pacific dunlins. BMC Ecology 10:1. www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/10/1. doi:10.1186/1472-6785-10-1

Fernández, G. and D.B. Lank. 2010. Do sex and habitat differences in anti-predator behavior of Western Sandpipers Calidris mauri reflect cumulative or compensatory processes? J. Ornithol. 151:665–672.

Zharikov Y., R.W. Elner, P.C.F. Shepherd and D.B. Lank. 2009. Interplay between physical and predator landscapes affects transferability of shorebird distribution models. Landcape Ecol. 24: 129-144. DOI 10.1007/s10980-008-9291-y

Fernández, G. and D.B. Lank. 2008. Foraging behaviour of non-breeding Western Sandpipers Calidris mauri as a function of sex, habitat and flocking. Ibis 150: 518-526.

Evans Ogden, L.J., S. Bittmann, D.B. Lank and F.C. Stevenson. 2008. Factors influencing use of farmland habitat by shorebirds wintering in the Fraser River Delta, Canada. Agr. Ecosyst.. Environ. 124:252–258.

Evans Ogden, L.J., K.A. Hobson, D.B. Lank and S. Bittmann. 2005. Stable isotope analysis reveals that agricultural habitat provides an important dietary component for nonbreeding Dunlin. Avian Conservation and Ecology - Écologie et conservation des oiseaux 1 (1): 3. [online] http://www.ace-eco.org/vol1/iss1/art3/

Marbled Murrelet Conservation Biology

Silvergieter, M.P. and D.B. Lank. 2011. Patch scale nest-site selection by Marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus). Avian Conserv. Ecol. – Écol. Conserve. oiseaux 6(2): 6. [online] URL: http://www.ace-eco.org/vol6/iss2/art6/

Silvergieter, M.P. and D.B. Lank. 2011. Marbled murrelets select distinctive nest trees within old-growth forest patches. Avian Conserv. Ecol. – Écol. Conserve. oiseaux 6(2): 3. [online] URL: http://www.ace-eco.org/vol6/iss2/art3/

Burger, A.E., R.A. Ronconi, M.P. Silvergieter, C. C., V. Bahn, I.A. Manley, A. Cober and D.B. Lank. 2010. Factors affecting the availability of thick epiphyte mats and other potential nest platforms for Marbled Murrelets in British Columbia. Can. J. Forest Res. 40:727-746.

Waterhouse F.L., A.E. Burger, P.K. Ott, A. Donaldson, D.B. Lank. 2010. Does interpretation of Marbled Murrelet habitat change with different classification methods? B. C. J. Ecosyst. Manage. 10:20-34. www.forrex.org/publications/jem/ISS52/vol10_no3_art4.pdf

Malt J.M. and D.B. Lank. 2009. Marbled Murrelet nest predation risk in managed forest landscapes: dynamic fragmentation effects at multiple scales. Ecol. Applic. 19:1274–1287.

Malt, J.M., and D.B. Lank. 2007. Temporal dynamics of edge effects on nest predation risk for the marbled murrelet. Biol. Conserv. 140:160-173. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2007.08.011

Burger, A.E., I.A. Manley, M. Silvergieter, D.B. Lank, K.M. Jordan, T.D. Bloxton and M.G. Raphael. 2009. Re-use of nest sites by Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in British Columbia. Northw. Natur. 90:217–226.

Waterhouse, F.L., A.E. Burger, D.B. Lank, P.K. Ott, E.A. Krebs, and N. Parker. 2009. Using the low-level aerial survey method to identify nesting habitat of Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus). BC J. Ecosyst. Manage. 10:80-96. www.forrex.org/publications/jem/ISS50/vol10_no1_art8.pdf

Burger, A.E., F.L. Waterhouse, A. Donaldson, C. Whittaker and D.B. Lank. 2009. New methods for assessing nesting habitat: air photo interpretation and low-level aerial surveys. BC J. Ecosys. Manage.10:4-14. www.forrex.org/publications/jem/ISS50/vol10_no1_art8.pdf.

Zharikov Y., D.B. Lank, F. Cooke. 2007. Influence of landscape pattern on breeding distribution and success in a threatened Alcid, the marbled murrelet: model transferability and management implications. J. App. Ecol. 44:748–759. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01319.x

Zharikov, Y., D.B. Lank, F. Huettmann, R.W. Bradley, N. Parker, P. P.-W. Yen, L. McFarlane Tranquilla and F. Cooke. 2006. Habitat selection and breeding success in a forest-nesting Alcid, the marbled murrelet, in two landscapes with different logging histories in south-western Canada. Landscape Ecol. 21:107–120. doi: 10.1007/s10980-005-1438-5

Snow Goose Biology

Cooke F., Rockwell, R.F., and Lank, D. B. 1995. The Snow Geese of La Perouse Bay: Natural Selection in the Wild. Oxford University Press.

Lank, D.B., M.A. Bousfield, F. Cooke and R.F. Rockwell. 1991. Why do snow geese adopt eggs? Behav. Ecol. 2:181-187.

Lank, D.B., R.F. Rockwell and F. Cooke. 1990. Frequency-dependent fitness consequences of intraspecific nest parasitism in snow geese. Evolution 44: 1436-1453.

Lank DB, P. Mineau, R.F. Rockwell and F. Cooke. 1989. Intraspecific nest parasitism and extra-pair copulation in lesser snow geese. Anim. Behav. 37: 74-89.

Current Graduate Students

• Birgit Schwarz (Ph.D): Population Structure of Western Sandpipers throught their range.
• Marie-Hélène Brule (Ph.D.): Conservation biology of endangered Tuamotu Sandpiper.
• Dave Hope (Ph.D.): Shorebird non-breeding distributions with respect to food and predation danger (co-supervised with R. Ydenberg)
• Richard Johnston (M.Sc.): Non-breeding shorebird ecology in northern South America (co-supervised with R. Ydenberg)
• Eveling Tavera Fernandez (M.Sc.): Year-round ecology of wintering shorevbirds in Peru. (co-supervised with R. Ydenberg)

Graduated Students

• Willow English: The evolutionary ecology of reproductive traits in the red-necked phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus). 2014. M.Sc. thesis, Simon Fraser University.
• Luke Halpern: Acoustic recorders reveal the impact of invasive rats on nocturnal burrow-nesting seabirds in Haida Gwaii. 2014. M.REM project, Simon Fraser University. (with C. Berman and K. Lertzman). Luke works in Biological consulting.
• Lindsay Farrell: Molecular genetics of alternative reproductive morphs in ruffs. (co-supervised with Terry Burke, Sheffield). Ph.D. 2013. Lindsay is a researcher with the Roslin Institute, Edinbourgh.
• Samantha Franks: Population connectivity and the causes and consequences of differential migration in a long-distance migratory shorebird, the Western sandpiper. Ph.D. 2012.
Samantha is a researcher with the British Trust for Ornithology.
• Rachel Gardiner: Comparative stopover ecology of Least (Calidris minutilla) and Western (C. mauri) sandpipers during southward migration. M.Sc. 2012. Rachel works as an ecological consultant in California.
• Nathan Hentze: Characteristics of over-ocean flocking by Pacific dunlins (Calidris alpina pacifica) at Boundary Bay, British Columbia. M.Sc. 2012 (co-supervised with R. Ydenberg). Nathan works in ecological consulting in British Columbia.
• Lana Cortese: Picking Patches: What is the utility of habitat fragmentation in determining habitat use by local populations of the Marbled Murrelet, Brachyramphus marmoratus? MREM project, 2011. Lana is an Environmental Specialist for the Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
• Dave Hope: The influence of the predator landscape on migratory decisions in two shorebird species. M.Sc. 2010 (co-supervised with Ron Ydenberg. Dave retuned to SFU to pursue his Ph.D. with Ron Ydenberg and D.B. Lank.
• Tawna Morgan: Hormonal regulation of alternative reproductive strategies. M.Sc, U Alaska, Fairbanks)2010. Tawna is working on bird studies in Alaska.
• Jenn Barrett: The influence of oceanographic and terrestrial attributes on Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus) marine habitat selection during the breeding season. M.REM project. 2008. Jenn is working as a College Instructor.
• Sarah Jamieson: Parental tactics of Dunlin. Ph.D. 2009 (co-supervised with R. Ydenberg). Sarah is on a post-doc in New Zealand studying breeding kiwi, and just had a baby.
• Michael Silvergeiter (M.Sc.): Multi-scale analysis of nest site selection and fledging success by Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in British Columbia. M.Sc. 2009. Mike is working as a biology instructor.
• Josh Malt: The influence of habitat fragmentation on Marbled Murrelet (Brachyrampus marmoratus) habitat quality in southwestern British Columbia. M.Sc. 2007. Josh works as a BC provincial ecosystem biologist.
• Guillermo J Fernandez Aceves: Ecological and social factors affecting the local habitat distribution of Western Sandpipers wintering at Bahía Santa María, northwest México. PhD. 2005
Guillermo is a professor at the Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnología, UNAM Unidad Académica, Mazatlán, Mexico.
• Matt Evans: Breeding habitat selection by Barrow’s Goldeneye and Bufflehead in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region of British Columbia: nest-sites, brood-rearing habitat, and competition. Ph.D. 2003.
• Lesley J. Evans Ogden: Non-breeding shorebirds in a coastal agricultural landscape: winter habitat use and dietary sources. Ph.D. 2002.
  Lesley is a freelance science writer, researcher, and environmental education consultant
• Patrick O'Hara: The role of feather wear in alternative life history strategies of a long-distance migratory shorebird, the Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri). Ph.D. 2002.
  Patrick is a researcher with Environment Canada
• Douglas Schamel: Female and male reproductive strategies in the red-necked phalarope, a polyandrous shorebird. Ph.D. 2000.
  Doug returned to his professorship job at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, but died tragically in 2004.
• Pippa Shepherd: Space use, habitat preferences, and time-activity budgets of non-breeding dunlin (Calidris alpina pacifica) in the Fraser River Delta, B.C., Ph.D. 2001.
  Pippa is an endangered species biologist with Parks Canada.
• Brett Sandercock: (with Fred Cooke) Factors affecting the breeding demography of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) and Semipalmated Sandpipers (C. pusilla) at Nome, Alaska, Ph.D. 1997.
  Brett is a Professor at Kansas State University
• Andrew Pirie: The energetic cost of lekking in male ruffs (Philomachus pugnax), M.Sc. Queen's Univ. 1996. Andrew teaches High School.
• I also serve on graduate committees for 2-4 other behavioral and wildlife ecology graduate students, most of whom study breeding biology of waterbirds or migratory biology of sandpipers

Postdoctoral Fellows and Research Associates

• Natalie dos Remedious. 2014. Natalie is working in molecular genetics at the University of Sheffield.
• Who-Seung Lee Sex allocation and evolution of alternative male strategies in ruffs. 2010-2011. Who-Seung is a researcher at UC Santa Cruz.
• Caz Taylor: modeling shorebird migration. 2005– 2009. Caz is now at Tulane University.
• Jim Dale: evolution of identity signals. 2001–2005. Jim is a faculty member at the University of Aukland.
• Elsie Krebs: terrestrial and marine home range use by Marbled Murrelets. 2003–2005 Elsie attempts to manage scientists for Environment Canada.
• Yuri Zharikov: habitat selection by Marbled Murrelets and Foraging habitat of Dunlin. Yuri is now with Parks Canada
• Nadine Parker: dispersal of Marbled Murrelets. 2005. Nadine works in environmental consulting.
• George Lozano : immunology of ruffs. 1998-2001 George has a position at the University of Tartu, Estonia.
• Laura McFarland Tranquilla : physiological ecology of Marbled Murrelets. 2002-2005. Laura got her Ph.D at Memorial University and works for Bird Studies Canada.

Biography